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ADMA
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a small molecule made when the body modifies certain proteins during normal cell activity. Enzymes add methyl groups to arginine side chains in proteins (protein arginine methyltransferases, PRMTs). When those proteins are broken down, free ADMA is released into the bloodstream. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Apolipoprotein B (ApoB)
Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) blood testing measures the amount of ApoB, the main scaffold protein on the body’s fat‑carrying particles in blood (apolipoprotein B on circulating lipoproteins). ApoB is made in the liver and intestine, appearing as two forms: ApoB‑100 from the liver and ApoB‑48 from the gut. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Atherogenic Coefficient
The Atherogenic Coefficient (AC) is a calculated marker from a standard cholesterol blood test, not a substance in the blood. It describes how cholesterol is distributed among lipoproteins. Specifically, it compares the cholesterol carried by potentially plaque-forming particles (non-HDL lipoproteins: LDL, VLDL, IDL, and remnants) to the cholesterol carried by the protective scavenger particle (HDL). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP)
The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) is a calculated snapshot of your blood’s lipid mix. It combines two routine lipid values—triglycerides and HDL cholesterol—to summarize how fats made in the liver and absorbed from the gut travel in the bloodstream inside carrier particles (lipoproteins). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Cholesterol/HDL Ratio
The cholesterol/HDL ratio blood test reports a calculated indicator from a standard lipid panel. It compares the amount of cholesterol circulating in all particles combined (total cholesterol) with the portion carried by the “scavenger” particles that help ferry cholesterol away from tissues (HDL cholesterol). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Cholesterol, Total
Total cholesterol blood testing measures the overall amount of cholesterol circulating in your blood. Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like molecule (sterol lipid) that your body makes mainly in the liver and also absorbs from animal-based foods. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Cystatin C (with eGFR)
Cystatin C is a small protein that all your body’s cells release into the bloodstream at a steady rate (cysteine protease inhibitor made by nucleated cells). The kidneys filter it out through the glomeruli, and the filtered protein is then taken up and broken down by the tubules, so it doesn’t return to the blood. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
HDL Cholesterol
HDL cholesterol in a blood test is the amount of cholesterol carried inside high-density lipoproteins. These are tiny, protein‑rich particles made mainly by the liver and small intestine (HDL particles containing apolipoprotein A‑I). HDL is part of the body’s lipoprotein system that transports fats through the blood. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
HDL P
HDL-P blood testing measures the number of high-density lipoprotein particles circulating in your blood. HDL particles are tiny lipid-protein carriers built around apolipoprotein A‑I (apoA‑I) and a shell of phospholipids and cholesterol. They arise from the liver and intestine and then assemble and mature in the bloodstream as they pick up fats and cholesterol from tissues. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
HDL Size
HDL Size blood testing gauges the average diameter of high-density lipoprotein particles circulating in your blood. HDL particles are tiny lipid–protein packages built primarily in the liver and intestine (hepatic, intestinal origin). They start as small, lipid‑poor discs centered on apolipoprotein A‑I (apoA‑I) and grow as they collect cholesterol from cells; enzymes and transfer proteins reshape them along the way, notably LCAT (lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase), CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein), and hepatic lipase. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Large HDL P
Large HDL-P blood testing measures the number of large high-density lipoprotein particles in the bloodstream. HDL particles are tiny spheres of fat and protein built around apolipoprotein A‑I in the liver and intestine. They begin as small, disc-like carriers that collect cholesterol from cells, then mature as that cholesterol is packaged (esterified by LCAT) and the particles grow. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Large VLDL P
Large VLDL-P blood testing measures the number of large very-low-density lipoprotein particles circulating in your blood (large VLDL particle number). VLDL are fat-carrying packages made in the liver to move triglyceride out to the body. The “large” subset are the biggest, most triglyceride‑rich VLDL particles. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
LDL-C / ApoB
LDL-C / ApoB blood testing looks at the cholesterol cargo and the carriers that move it through your bloodstream. LDL-C is the amount of cholesterol contained within low‑density lipoprotein particles, which are formed when the liver’s fat‑rich exports are remodeled in circulation (VLDL → IDL → LDL). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
LDL Cholesterol
LDL cholesterol is the cholesterol carried inside low-density lipoprotein particles in your blood (LDL-C). These particles are tiny packages made by the liver that contain a single apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB) and a core of cholesterol and triglyceride. They mostly arise when the liver releases very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), which is trimmed by enzymes in the bloodstream into intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) and then into LDL. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
LDL Cholesterol / Total Cholesterol (Mass Ratio)
LDL Cholesterol / Total Cholesterol (Mass Ratio) is the share of all cholesterol in your blood that is carried specifically by LDL particles. LDL cholesterol is the cholesterol packaged in low-density lipoproteins made by the liver as it remodels VLDL during normal fat transport. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
LDL/HDL Ratio
LDL/HDL ratio blood testing reports the balance between two major cholesterol carriers in your bloodstream. LDL (low-density lipoprotein) mainly delivers cholesterol from the liver to body tissues. It is formed as VLDL from the liver sheds triglycerides and becomes cholesterol‑rich LDL. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
LDL P
LDL-P blood testing measures the number of low-density lipoprotein particles circulating in your blood. LDL particles are tiny, cholesterol-carrying packages (lipoproteins) that arise when the liver releases very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and these are processed in the bloodstream. Each LDL particle carries one apolipoprotein B (apoB), which anchors the particle and helps it bind to cell receptors. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
LDL Size
LDL size blood testing captures the At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Lipoprotein (a)
Lipoprotein(a) blood testing measures a cholesterol-carrying particle made in the liver called lipoprotein(a). It’s essentially an LDL-like particle with an extra protein attached. The core is the familiar LDL carrier (apolipoprotein B‑100), and the add‑on is a unique tail (apolipoprotein[a]) linked by a chemical bridge (disulfide bond). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Lipoprotein fractionation
Lipoprotein fractionation blood testing profiles the different particles that carry fats in your blood. Lipoproteins are tiny packages of cholesterol and triglyceride wrapped in proteins (apolipoproteins), produced by the liver and intestine and constantly remodeled as they circulate. This test separates and quantifies major classes—VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL—along with remnants and often lipoprotein(a). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Neutrophil-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio (NHR)
Neutrophil-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio (NHR) is a composite marker built from two routine blood measures: the number of neutrophils and the level of HDL cholesterol. Neutrophils are frontline white blood cells made in the bone marrow that surge during innate immune responses (neutrophils; innate immunity). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Non-HDL Cholesterol
Non-HDL cholesterol is a blood measure of all the cholesterol not carried by HDL, the “good” scavenger particles. It captures cholesterol packaged in the liver- and intestine-made delivery particles that circulate to drop off fat and cholesterol to tissues. These include LDL, VLDL, IDL, lipoprotein(a), and remnant particles (apoB-containing lipoproteins). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Non-HDL Cholesterol / Apolipoprotein B (Non-HDL-C / ApoB)
Non-HDL Cholesterol / Apolipoprotein B (Non-HDL-C / ApoB) blood testing examines the cholesterol carried by all “delivery” particles except HDL and the key protein that labels each one. Non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C) is the cholesterol contained in low-density and very-low-density lipoproteins and their relatives (LDL, VLDL, IDL, remnant particles, lipoprotein(a)). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Non-HDL Cholesterol / Total Cholesterol (Mass Ratio)
Non-HDL Cholesterol / Total Cholesterol (mass ratio) tells you what fraction of all cholesterol in your blood is carried outside of HDL. Non‑HDL cholesterol is total cholesterol minus HDL, capturing the cholesterol inside particles like VLDL, IDL, LDL, lipoprotein(a), and remnant lipoproteins (apoB‑containing lipoproteins). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
SDMA
SDMA blood testing measures symmetric dimethylarginine, a small amino acid derivative that appears when cells break down methyl-marked proteins. Inside the nucleus, enzymes add methyl groups to arginine residues on proteins (protein arginine methylation). When those proteins are recycled, the modified arginine is released as SDMA and enters the bloodstream. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Small LDL P
Small LDL‑P blood testing measures the number of small low‑density lipoprotein particles circulating in your blood. It is a particle count, not a cholesterol amount. These particles arise from the liver’s lipoprotein pathway: very‑low‑density lipoproteins are released and then stripped of triglyceride, producing LDL that can become progressively smaller and denser as remodeling continues (VLDL → LDL via lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase, with lipid exchange via CETP). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Testosterone / ApoB
Testosterone / ApoB blood testing measures two distinct molecules with big biological roles: testosterone, a steroid hormone, and apolipoprotein B (ApoB), a structural protein on cholesterol-carrying particles. Testosterone is made mainly in the testes, with smaller amounts from the ovaries and adrenal glands. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
TG / ApoB
TG/ApoB blood testing combines two lipid measures into a single signal. Triglycerides (TG) are the body’s main transport form of fat, packed into lipoprotein particles made by the liver and intestine. Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is the structural “tag” present as one copy on each atherogenic particle—those that can enter artery walls—chiefly VLDL, IDL, LDL, and their remnants (ApoB100 from liver; ApoB48 from intestine). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Triglyceride / HDL Cholesterol (Molar Ratio)
Triglyceride/HDL cholesterol (molar ratio) is a calculated number from a standard blood lipid panel. It compares the amount of energy-carrying fats (triglycerides) circulating in triglyceride-rich particles made by the liver and gut (VLDL and chylomicrons) with the amount of cholesterol carried by the body’s “cleanup” particles (HDL). At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Triglycerides
Triglycerides blood testing measures the amount of triglycerides—the body’s main storage form of fat—in your bloodstream. A triglyceride is a small energy package built from one glycerol backbone and three fatty acids (triacylglycerol). Triglycerides come from two places: they’re absorbed from food by the intestine and they’re made by the liver, especially from excess sugars. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
Uric Acid / HDL-C
Uric Acid / HDL-C blood testing measures two related signals and expresses them together as a ratio. Uric acid (urate) is the end product of purine breakdown, formed mainly in the liver and carried in the bloodstream before most of it is cleared by the kidneys. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
VLDL Size
VLDL Size blood testing measures the average diameter of very-low-density lipoprotein particles (VLDL) in your blood. VLDL are fat-transporting particles made by the liver (hepatocytes) that package triglycerides, cholesterol, and the structural protein apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100). Bigger particles carry more triglyceride cargo and are released into the bloodstream to deliver energy to tissues. At home blood testing is available in select states. See FAQs below
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